startnewlife Mendee CIC · London
🟢 Full · updated 2026-05-27 · 9.3 млн

🇧🇾 Belarus — Country of Origin Information for UK asylum

Since 2020 — largest wave of repression since Soviet era. UN Group of Independent Experts (February 2025) found "reasonable grounds to believe" crimes against humanity are being committed in Belarus. 8,519 criminal prosecutions since 2020, 1,100+ remain detained. Cooperation with Russia on extradition of draft evaders and opposition.

COI is not immigration advice. This page lists reference sources, not individual advice on your case. For an asylum claim you need an IAA L2/L3 or SRA solicitor — find in directory, Russian-speaking with Legal Aid.
PoliticalPressDetentionMilitaryLGBTQ+WomenRecent events
01

How to use this COI at your interview

  • Before the substantive interviewPrint or save 2-3 key sources (CPIN if available, HRW World Report, local NGO). Interviewers may ask — best to have them ready.
  • Link source to your storyIf CPIN says "in country X, Y happens" — your job is to show Y happened to you / your family / your circle. Not just citation — connection to facts.
  • Give your lawyer all sources before submissionThe solicitor / IAA adviser will draft the skeleton argument with the right citations. Your job is to provide materials and context.
  • If refused — COI for the appealAppealing at First-tier Tribunal without COI is nearly impossible. SAR + new sources after refusal = key to a successful appeal.
02

Authoritative sources

ranked by strength in UK Tribunals

UK Tribunal hierarchy: CPIN > UNHCR Eligibility > HRW World Report > Amnesty annual > Freedom House > country-specific NGO. Higher = more cited in Tribunal decisions.

CPIN · UK Home Office
UK Home Office CPIN — Belarus · 2024
Human Rights Watch · World Report
HRW World Report 2026 — Belarus · 2026
Amnesty International
Amnesty International — Belarus
Freedom House
Freedom House — Belarus 2025 · 2025

Score: 8/100, Not Free

03

Recent events

for context at interview
February 2025 — UN Group of Independent Experts found crimes against humanity: imprisonment and persecution on political grounds. First such UN determination in CIS. 8,519 criminal prosecutions since 2020, 100,000+ repression cases, 1,100+ remain detained (Viasna).
Forced expulsion of released political prisoners (2024-2025): ~190 released political prisoners forcibly expelled with bags over heads, handcuffed. Human Constanta: this practice "may be qualified as a crime against humanity in the form of deportation". January 2025: Lukashenka claimed 87% in election. 228 civil society organisations liquidated in 2024.
Torture and detention: OMCT — "very high risk of torture", systematic, embedded in state structures. 52 of 161 interviewed arrestees were torture victims. 8 deaths in custody since May 2020. Political prisoners denied medical care (including life-threatening cases).
Military service: alternative service punitive (double duration); only religious grounds recognised. 2024 expansions: eliminated most deferments, criminalised draft-evasion info sharing, desertion punishable by death penalty.
Journalists: 60+ exiled journalists under investigation/charges; "special proceedings" = in-absentia convictions. 12,000+ websites blocked, all independent news outlets blocked.
LGBTQI+: "Targeting of LGBTQIA+ individuals is particularly brutal... homophobic slurs, beatings and sexual humiliation" (UN, February 2025). Documented: transgender woman severely beaten, threatened with rape, forced to confess to crimes she did not commit.
Forced labour as political punishment: UN Special Rapporteur (October 2025) — "hard, dangerous forced labour for meagre or no pay as punishment for unjustly incarcerated". Creates compound protection needs.
04

What to gather for interview

UK Tribunals assess credibility from concrete evidence. Cases from Belarus typically need:

  • Court decisions / sentences under Belarus political articles (Criminal Code Art. 130, 342, 361, 369)
  • Viasna political prisoner lists with link to your case or relative
  • Telegram channel screenshots (declared "extremist" by KGB)
  • Criminal case opening orders (if any)
  • Confirmation of 2020 protest participation (photo/video)
  • NGO confirmation letters from Human Constanta or other accredited organisation
  • For journalists: confirmation of work at independent media + outlet liquidation

Tip: file a SAR request to the Home Office before submitting additional evidence — you'll see what they already hold.

Important: StartNewLife UK is a referral directory, not an immigration advice service within the meaning of the UK Immigration and Asylum Act 1999, s.84. This page is general information and navigation, not individual legal advice. All lawyers in the database are regulated by the SRA, IAA or BSB — verify their status on the public registers before instructing. For individual advice on your case, contact an SRA solicitor or IAA adviser directly.

⚠️ StartNewLife is an information project — not regulated by the IAA (Immigration Advice Authority). We do not provide immigration advice within the meaning of Section 84 of the Immigration & Asylum Act 1999. All content is general information only and does not replace advice from a regulated lawyer (IAA / SRA / BSB) about your specific case.